For instance, The United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat), in its article that x-rayed condition of the world cities titled Cities at Risk from Rising Sea Levels categorises Lagos as one of 50 cities most exposed to extreme sea levels. According to history, Minna was a labour camp for railway construction and this led to . Licensee IntechOpen. This means they would be the ready pool of labour for construction projects and their tenements will be enhanced by the investment flowing into the site., Allaying the fears of the people, the commissioner said: The Lagos state government, as a responsible entity, pursues a policy of ensuring that Environmental Impact Assessment is done by every individual or corporate body that seeks to embark on projects. Despite the negative consequences of coastal land reclamation to aquatic species, it can add some economic value if used for non-intrusive agricultural activities. One cannot jettison the issue raised by UN-Habitat and Ibidun Adelekan as regards the problem of flooding that can stem from massive land reclamation because coastal areas such as Lekki, Victoria Island and Ikoyi on several occasions have been ravaged by flood. Narrating their ordeal to Premium Times last year, the residents whose hope of economic survival has been tampered with, have tales of woe to tell concerning their awful experience. Residents and activists say neighbouring developments on reclaimed land also threaten the area's environment. ( See also city; urban planning .) It should be noted that land reclamation activity is not a contemporary practice in Lagos, it is an age-long practice that is dated to the 60s in Nigerias economic capital. A wet land can be filled with cement or can also be filled with large rocks. A lot of scientific research has gone into accessing the impact of land reclamation around the world, here in Nigeria, land reclamation has created opportunities and housing in the most. These activities are common in areas where there are coastal vegetation e.g. Land policy in Nigeria is influenced by government and culture. Israeli police clashed Wednesday with protesters rallying against the government's judicial reform programme which critics say threatens democracy, as lawmakers held a preliminary vote on the latest controversial bill. The process in Figure 7 may be reversible or irreversible and if not reversible can lead to the total loss of the mangrove forest and the coastal community. Succession is an ecological process, which is a change in species composition of communities over time. Similarly, reckless and indiscriminate hunting in opened forest reduces population and thus reduces species diversity, which may lead to extinction of some species. But ecology sees farther ahead.. This is because their adventitious root system traps sediments during tidal flow, and accumulate it over a long period of time. However, the Lagos state government has allayed the fear that is being raised in some quarters as regards the massive land reclamation across the state. Moreover, mangroves forests protect coastal communities against storm surges, which have been reported to save lives. The entry of big machinery into the swamp had added more stress to the coast by destroying many soil-dwelling and benthic organisms. Coastal area is in serious danger from land reclamation in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. Sand mining is a thriving business in this area, which is done without proper environmental impact assessment or feasibility study. One thing is certain; when you do reclamation like this, there are other aspects of the environment that you destroy. Thus in other to expand the land area to accommodate the industrial complex, surrounding creeks were mowed down; sand filled and solidifies to build offices and apartments for workers. Every citizen of Nigeria is empowered to acquire and own immovable property anywhere in Nigeria. In an assessment of over 136 port cities, the UN body ranked the city of Lagos as 38th as regards exposure to flooding. Simplicity and transparency. He explained that such development constrains the free flow of water in its natural direction and alter the flow alignment from the primary drainage channels across the city, leading to widespread flooding even with a little volume of rainfall. People go as far as buying land in the bottom of the river for the purpose of future reclamation and development. Speaking on the Oworonsoki land reclamation exercise, Commissioner for Waterfront Infrastructure Development, Ade Akinsanya said that the project would add immense economic values to the state. In a natural seedling recruitment, after a disturbance event the first set of species that settle and colonize an area are the pioneer species. 2020 The Author(s). The solidified area is used as a platform for construction activities. 08 February 2021 | by Revolva ( m ): 1:58pm On Jul 18 , 2020 Land reclamation, usually known as reclamation, and also known as land fill (not to be confused with a waste landfill ), is the process of creating new land from oceans, seas, riverbeds or lake beds. Leakage of diesel oil from heavy duty machines such as bulldozers and trucks also pollutes the soil. Gracefield Island is another new joint project between the Lagos state government and Gravitas Investment Limited and it is expected to cover 100 hectares of land of the Lagos lagoon at the Northern end of the Chevron Way and the Northern Offshore of the Ajiran Land. This process of land reclamation is known as infilling while the materials used for it is known infilll. Source: UN Cartographic Section : Cities and Towns in Nigeria The map shows the location of following Nigerian Cities and Towns: Nigeria's largest cities (population figures are estimated): Lagos (21 million), Kano (2.5 - 3 million), Ibadan (3.2 million), Abuja Other Cities and Towns in Nigeria: The cost of land appreciates and has no depreciative value. Terrestrial land form eventually evolves from an aquatic environment after solidification. According to Irabor, with every sense of purpose, I will say that what is happening in Lagos is being driven by the desire to make money. Land in the Niger Delta area is in large demand because of traditional and cultural beliefs attached to the possession of land [1]. Mangroves provide various ecosystem services such as food, medicine, tools and construction materials. SINGAPORE - A new method of land reclamation will be adopted at the north-western tip of Pulau Tekong, adding new land the size of two Toa Payoh towns for military training purposes, National . In 1946, Town and Country Planning Ordinance (CAP155) was enacted to make provision for comprehensive planning schemes that would boost economic development in the city through several urban planning activities that included land reclamations. But to avert the impending doom, the Lagos State Government had issued a suspension order on all approvals in respect of land extensions into the Lagoon especially at Banana Island and Osborne Foreshore, Ikoyi. Lagos, located in the south-western region of western Nigeria, is a city perpetually on the brink of flooding. These phases include: (i) deforestation of mangrove forest (ii) consolidation of swamp with bulldozers, (iii) pumping of white sand from the sea bottom unto shore, (iv) sand filling of reclaimed land, and (v) construction activity e.g. Sand mining is also done with more sophisticated machines, where pumps are used to convey sand from the bottom of the river unto land via long pipes. We use various techniques to reclaim land and protect shorelines using our state-of-the-art fleet of dredging vessels and specialized equipment. It is the responsibility of the Government to protect the land against illegal landscape reclamations. This means that those living on the old waterfront now have a large expanse of land bordering their respective locations. The Copernicus Sentinel-1 mission takes us over part of the Dutch province of Flevolandthe newest province in the Netherlands and one of the largest land reclamation projects in the world. Open Access is an initiative that aims to make scientific research freely available to all. Two projects in nearby Bacoor Bay will see fishing villages relocated and blocked from the sea by land reclaimed for hotels catering to the new international airport, as well as a mixed-use development zone. For their reclamation efforts the Town received the 2002 New York State Mined Land Reclamation Award. mangrove wetlands. Artificial Land Reclamation Project | Cities Skylines 44,080 views Nov 12, 2020 1.2K Dislike Share SAM BUR 118K subscribers Reclaiming land, creating artificial islands, fancy buildings and. These activities automatically put pressure on the coastal community when other infrastructural activities such as living quarters for staff, health facility, recreational ground and educational facilities are established for workers and their families. Concrete bases are constructed on this platform to carry the pipes from the drilling point, which may be at an off-shore or on-shore site to the refinery. Bounded in the South by the Atlantic Ocean, the city is situated on the mainland, home to 70% of the city's population with series of islands and a peninsula that holds the remaining 30% (Ogunlesi, 2012). Publishing on IntechOpen allows authors to earn citations and find new collaborators, meaning more people see your work not only from your own field of study, but from other related fields too. Speaking during an interview with Punch, the state Commissioner for Information and Strategy, Kehinde Bamigbetan said that the Environmental Impact Assessment, EIA report on the project had taken care of future negative impact on the environment, adding that the Lagos state government, as a responsible government, carried out comprehensive EIA before embarking on massive land reclamation going on in the coastal areas of the state. Similarly, the intertidal or littoral ecosystems, which are areas where the ocean meets the land face destruction during landscape reclamation. Centralization: these are lands that are regarded as focal points as a result of their economic value. Restoration: it is the attempt to fully restore the original ecosystem. Decrease in water level affect intertidal level especially when areas along the shore receive no water supply and become dry. description of the basic customary land tenure rules in Nigeria. The economy is all about the desire for resources and land. The sand mining activity was abandoned after 2 years of operation. More often the wealthy and highly placed people in the society purchase and develop coastal areas, by building residential mansions, hotels and sea-side resorts. To date our community has made over 100 million downloads. Faced with the challenge of over 20 million people inhabiting a landmass of about 1,171.28 square kilometres, land reclamation has become a norm in Lagos to mitigate its pressing need for housing. The government sometimes forcefully acquires coastal areas from the native community, remove the mangrove forest and sand fill the area in other to establish projects beneficial to the public. Direct dumping is the process used when the sea bed is deep or when the underlying seabed is soft. The latter is derived from coastal activities such as oil and gas, shipping, fishing, tourism and commerce. It is often considered in places that are densely populated and flat land is scarce. Presence of sediments leads to the gradual formation of terrestrial areas, which becomes the habitat for plants. Almost every coastal area in the Niger Delta has had one abandoned project or the other, one of which is sand dump. The white patches sum up to give a total of 4.2 million m2 of mangroves removed in 1984. This situation affects the fish survival and population. The swampy environment is a mixture of mud and water, after a long period of perturbation the swampy soil gets solidified and changes to a terrestrial environment. A manufacturing company in the production of herbal drugs, Afroganiks, has called for more research on drugs produced from herbs, while noting that, Herbal products most of the time cause kidney problems and organ failure in the body because they are not well dosed.. Landscape reclamation is used to remediate polluted and devastated area in many parts of the world such as abandoned coal mine, crude oil exploration site and abandoned aquaculture. Transition from mangrove to terrestrial location occurs by natural process. These days, it has transmuted into the Land Use Act (LUA), encapsulated within the Laws of the Federation of Nigeria 2004. 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